Security Controls
Reactive Security
Firewalls
Antivirus
Proactive Security
Asset Inventory – What do we want to protect?
Risk Management – Evaluate all potential risks and likelihood
Security Controls – Hardware and software solutions we can implement to improve security posture.
NIST Categories – Publication 800-53
Technical or logical – a system: firewall, access control system, IPS, WAF
Operational or Administrative – Fixed with people. Security guards. Training
Management controls – High level overview. Policies and procedures. Documents.
Preventative controls reduce risks
Detective controls notify on risks
Corrective controls – late fix. Backup and restore. Patching
Physical controls – locks, doors, fences. Prevents.
Deterrent – Discourages. Warning signs. Security guards. Cameras.
Compensating – Substitute. Thoroughly documented and approved.
Evaluating Security Control
Quality control. Done at factory.
Verification – Compliance testing process. Does it meet requirements?
Validation – Does it do what we want it to do?
Assessments – Subject a product to a checklist of requirements
Evaluations – Subjective. Is it properly doing it’s job?
Security Audits – More formal evaluations.
Continuous monitoring. Continuous risk assessment.
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