IoT, Embedded Systems & ICS/SCADA Threats
Limited hardware.
Designed without security best practices.
No admin interfaces.
Embedded OS
Computers designed for a single function
Static systems
SoC – System on a chip
RToS – Real-Time Operating System
FPGA – Field programmable gate arrays
Building Automation Systems (BAS)
Enterprise-level “smart home”
Security overlooked
PAC – Physical Access Control
Vehicles and Drones
From entertainment systems to self driving cars
ECU – Electronic Control Unit
CAN – Controller Area Network (Bus)
OBD interface
Industrial Control Systems (ICS)
Automating control machinery, managing critical infrastructure: power, health, nuclear, communications, water, etc
ICS vs DCS (Distributed Control System)
PLCs connected by Fieldbus or Ethernet
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)
A SCADA system controls large scan ISCes, with multiples sites
Separate network, air gapped
Security?
No updates
Monitor all links
Web Apps
Legacy PC operating systems
Physical security: USB, CD-ROMs
Dedicated SCADA security systems & data diodes
Modbus
ICS protocol
Updates configurations on PLCs
Last updated